Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) is one of the few treatable causes of male infertility; spermatogenesis induction can be achieved with gonadotrophins or pulsatile GnRH. Treatment protocols are normally long, and outcome varies according to the underlying aetiology, age of onset and history of undescended testes. Regular follow-ups are needed to assess the response and monitor for adverse effects of therapy that could make the management challenging.<p class=...

Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism which is rare in adolescents presents commonly with non-specific symptoms and systemic complaints. Though there are few reported cases of genu valgus, progression to extensive bone disease with fractures has not been commonly reported. Additionally, hypercalcaemia at the time of presentation was almost universal.Case presentation: A 12-year-old male had been evaluated for bilateral (left > right) genu valgus an...

Introduction: Selective oestrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) and aromatase inhibitors (AIs) potentially increase endogenous gonadotrophin and testosterone secretion in men. They are used off-label in men with hypogonadism and/or infertility. There is a lack of guidance on using these agents in men with secondary hypogonadism, though these agents are widely used in these people as a cheaper alternative to gonadotrophins. Methods: Systematic search was co...